Tokens are those cryptocurrencies which exist on other blockchains; and might or might not have their own blockchain. Understand the difference of coins vs tokens.
In Ethereum, Gas War means a competitive situation where senders compete for gas fee to get their transactions executed in priority.
Gas fee is the transaction fee charged in the Ethereum blockchain. The fee is paid to Ethereum validators for verifying transactions and adding blocks to the blockchain.
Block Headers are the meta data of each block on a blockchain. They contain details such as nonce value, hash of previous block, timestamp, difficulty target, etc.
A Merkle Root is the hash of all the transactions in a block by hashing transactions till the time there exists only a single hash result for the entire block.
Consensus Mechanisms are different ways to verify blockchain transactions by running it through multiple validators each of whom verifies them individually.
A testnet is a replica of the mainnet with reduced security and reduced network capacity meant to simulate the mainnet for testing purposes.
Sharding is the process of breaking a blockchain's total no. of validators into smaller groups called "Shards". Each shard has its own unique set of validators.
Finality refers to the situation where a blockchain transaction is permanent and cannot be reversed. For Bitcoin, the blockchain finality is after 6 blocks.
Difficulty is the computational effort required to find the nonce value of a transaction in a blockchain.
This is the calculator which converts Shiba Inu to USD.